In what situations should you use a fire extinguisher?
A fire extinguisher should only be used on a small, incipient fire that is still controllable. If the fire has already spread, the priority remains:
- Raise the alarm
- Evacuate the premises
- Don't put yourself in danger
The use of a fire extinguisher should never delay evacuation.
What are the different types of fire extinguishers?
Each fire extinguisher is designed for a specific type of fire:
- Sprayed water with additive: for fires involving solid materials (wood, paper, cardboard)
- -CO₂ (carbon dioxide): fires of electrical origin or flammable liquids
- Powder: for mixed fires (solids, liquids, gases), but messier to use
Using the correct fire extinguisher is essential to avoid making the situation worse.
What are the key steps in using it?
Using a fire extinguisher relies on simple but precise actions:
- Identify the correct fire extinguisher based on the type of fire
- Remove the safety pin
- Test the device briefly (if possible).
- Position yourself with your back to the wind, at a safe distance (2 to 3 meters)
- Aim for the base of the flames, not the top
- Swipe the area from left to right until completely extinguished
An effective intervention often lasts less than 30 seconds: you have to act quickly and methodically.
What are the key points to watch out for?
- Never use water or flammable liquids on an electric fire.
- Avoid exposure to (toxic) fumes
- -Always plan an emergency exit behind you
- Do not turn your back on the fire after it has been extinguished (risk of reignition).
The fire extinguisher is a tool for rapid attack, not a means of prolonged fighting.
What are the employer's obligations?
The employer must:
- Provide a sufficient number of suitable fire extinguishers.
- -Ensure their periodic verification
- Display clear safety instructions
- Train employees in their use (theory and practice)
- Integrate this risk into the DUERP and organize exercises
Practical training is essential: in stressful situations, only practiced actions are effective.
What are the risks of misuse?
Improper handling can:
- Being ineffective against fire
- To cause the fire to worsen
- Endangering the responder
Lack of knowledge about fire extinguishers is an aggravating factor in many incidents.
In summary
Knowing how to use a fire extinguisher means being able to intervene quickly and safely in the event of a fire. This relies on knowledge of the equipment, the correct procedures, and the limitations of intervention.
Do you want to train your teams in the use of fire extinguishers and fire risk management? Our practical training courses allow you to acquire the essential reflexes to act effectively in real-life situations.
